Maryland!The Old Line bugle, fife, and drum,Maryland!She is not dead, nor deaf, nor dumb-Huzza! The age of the Know-Nothing Party had ended the campaign in 1868, Republican candidates Ulysses S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax were matched against Democrats Horatio Seymour and Francis Blair. Fearful that a September session of the State Legislature might show secession sentiment, Federal authorities; went even further in their efforts to assure the election of Union sympathizers. The mayor and Follansbee met at the base of Pratt Street, and Brown introduced himself. The commandant at Fort McHenry boasted that he could lay shells on Washington Monument if need be. The mayor, city council, and police commissioner, who were pro-South and seemingly incompetent at maintaining order in the situation, were arrested and imprisoned at Fort McHenry. She burns! When within a few feet of him, I saw him fall…At the same moment a shot struck me in the shoulder, which went through my arm and penetrated my breast; from the direction the ball took, I am satisfied that shot was fired from the second story of the engine house… As I continued to back off a brick struck me in the breast and I fell… The crowd was firing at me constantly. Many sympathized passionately with the Southern cause. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Between the violence and accusations of voting fraud, the Maryland state legislature decided that the election was illegitimate. The man with the pistol said, “You lie. addyb63a1c3f0281b32dbe16d58aa61be548 = addyb63a1c3f0281b32dbe16d58aa61be548 + 'BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory' + '.' + 'com'; In the end, the soldiers got to the Camden Station, and the police were able to block the crowd from them. In an article for Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, a Washington Evening Star reporter recounted his experience coming through Baltimore on board a train bound for Philadelphia, where he encountered “one of the most villainous and cut-throat looking mobs that ever disgraced even Baltimore.” The train first stopped briefly at Annapolis Junction, where a young man came on board and took a poll of who the men planned to support in the election. As fires raged and threatened surrounding buildings, the firefighters would regularly ignore their duties to engage in “battle royals” with one another, using their axes, picks, hooks, and even the street cobblestones and sidewalk bricks. Baltimore Riot of 1861 On April 19, 1861 in Baltimore, Maryland the Baltimore Riot of 1861 also known at the Pratt Street Riot or the Pratt Street Massacre occurred. Mayor Hinks had been horribly mistaken. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. In 1861, most Baltimoreans were anti-war, and did not support a violent conflict with their southern neighbors. William Shirer, CBS broadcaster and author (The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich). On April 19, the Union's Sixth Massachusetts Regiment was traveling south to Washington, D.C. through Baltimore. Like similar associations in Baltimore and other United States cities during this period, the Plug Uglies' street influence made them useful to party politicians anxious to control the polls on Election Days. Henry R. Haven and the Baltimore Riot of 1861 Henry R. Haven, ca.1910: Henry R. Haven (1842–1914), a confectioner by trade, and for a time borough clerk and councilman in Chambersburg, was a veteran of the Civil War serving in both the army and navy. When Fort Sumter fell on April 13 without a single man lost, the Virginia legislature took up a measure on secession. document.getElementById('cloakb63a1c3f0281b32dbe16d58aa61be548').innerHTML = ''; The uprising included crowds filling the streets, burning and looting local businesses, and confronting the police and national guard. As the train continued down Canton Avenue, the mob followed it, but the violence had ended. He was knocked down twice, and at one time while he was down, I saw two men jump on his body and kick him… In the meantime I drew my pistol and fired into the crowd, which was immediately in front of me, every man of whom seemed to have a pistol in his hand and was firing as rapidly as he could; in this crowd, there were fully from forty to fifty persons. Ladd; Taylor and Whitney are buried in Lowell, Massachusetts. The tedious transfer took passengers around the city’s harbor, four blocks north on President Street, a mile west on Pratt and two blocks south on Howard. In fact, some of the members, such as the perennially arrested and released John Wesley Gambrill, were accused of starting several fires. They even rolled in a cannon. At the time, the slave states of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas had not yet seceded from the U.S. On April 19, 1861, the first blood of the American Civil War is shed when a secessionist mob in Baltimore attacks Massachusetts troops bound for Washington, D.C. Four soldiers … The ruffians inside commenced an examination of each passenger. Mayor Swann refused to work with the reform association. Bullets vs. Bricks in Baltimore You need JavaScript enabled to view it. However, they were no match for Grant and Colfax, who carried twenty-six states and won the election. She breathes! It had a strong garrison at Fort McHenry, troops on Federal Hill, a firm grip on Annapolis and control over the main rail link to the West. Several members of the Maryland legislature were arrested, days before a delayed secession vote which historians now consider likely to have failed even without those arrests, and the state was placed under direct federal administration. Administration partisans in Ba1timore sought to provoke trouble by accusing the city administration of arming states rights supporters and working to plunge Maryland into revolution. It sent a delegation to Jefferson Davis to assure him of Maryland's sympathy. One man named Feaster had a ball extracted from his leg at a local doctor’s office. Armed with bricks, boards and sticks, pro-Southern Baltimoreans attack Union soldiers headed to Washington, D. C. Library of Congress. The participants were Confederate sympathizers and members of the Massachusetts Militia who were en route to Washington, D.C. to report for federal service. Sterns Collection, Library of Congress. The discharge of the pistol, which blew off a large piece of skin of my forehead and covered my face with blood, caused me to fall. So even though the Rebels, suggested Old Abe violated their civil liberties (some even trying to sue the Federal Government for this dastardly deed), when he gathered them up and threw them in the Fort McHenry dungeons, I think the President showed great wisdom in letting them know he understood what they did without hanging them for their treason. The other southern states watched with interest to see what would happen, as the secession of Virginia was important because of the state's industrial value. Somehow, all three men managed to survive. He curtly ordered nearby police officers to clear the obstructions, then hurried off to meet the advancing Massachusetts soldiers. Four blocks west, at the corner of Gay and Pratt streets, the mob let loose a heavy barrage of stones and hot lead. The Baltimore Riots happened April 19, 1861. Marshal Kane stated in his 13 May report to the Police Commissioners, "I heard nothing more of these troops until twenty minutes past eight o'clock on the next Friday morning, April 19th," so the timing of Mayor Brown's excuse that they didn't know until later when & where the troops would come in, seems questionable. Leaders don't look for recognition from others. As the soldiers brought their guns to shoulder, Mayor Brown ran forward, shouting at them, “For God’s sake, don’t shoot!” Given the noise and chaos at that moment, it’s unlikely that anyone heard him. Commemorate your occasions, design your own custom patches, pins & coins. The Confederate Army was preparing for battle just across the Potomac. I saw at the second story windows of the Watchman engine-house building, in which the polls were held, cut-off muskets or large pistols protruding, and observed smoke issuing from the muzzles, as though they were being fired at me; then I turned toward my brother and endeavored to get to him. Virginia's preparedness was equally feeble and that Stale could have offered Maryland little help. - Baltimore (Md.) But as the columns moved forward, they were surrounded by a howling mob of secessionists shouting that they would kill every “white nigger” of them before they reached Camden Station. My Maryland! Then came the sad affair of Friday, the 19, The Baltimore Police Department is disbanded, and rebuilt as a result of Marshal Kane, and Mayor Brown's handling of the Pratt St riots of 1861, Why Marylanders Stayed “Loyal” To The Union, Again. “[That’s] right! The gang associated with the emerging American Party (the Know Nothings) in Baltimore. He stood behind his administration and claimed: I do not hesitate to say that the press has done more injury to this city than ten times the catalog of rowdyism which it has professed to detail. It is regarded by historians as the first bloodshed of the American Civil War. Their discontent increased in the days afterward while Lincoln put out a call for volunteers to serve 90 days and end the insurrection; newly formed units were starting to transport themselves south. That volley repelled the rioters long enough for the major and his men to escape. One rioter drew a swell of cheers from the mob as he took up position at the front of the 6th’s line, marching oafishly while dangling a Southern Palmetto flag from a piece of flimsy lumber. Victor Fleming, film director (The Wizard of Oz, Gone With the Wind). A committee was organized with the valiant attempt to secure nominations of honorable selected from the best, most reliable, and most competent men in this community.” Meanwhile, the Know-Nothings held a counter-demonstration. Brown (right), who … On October 8, 1856, rioting overtook the city as the municipal elections were held. That kept the mob at bay temporarily. Everything came to a head in the 1859 elections. It produced the first deaths by hostile action in the American Civil War. She burns! They were called Know-Nothings because members answered that they “knew nothing” when questioned by authorities regarding their aggressive activities. The Baltimore riot of 1861 (also called the Pratt Street Riot and the Pratt Street Massacre) was a conflict on April 19, 1861, in Baltimore, Maryland, between antiwar Democrats (the largest party in Maryland), as well as Confederate sympathizers, and members of the Massachusetts militia en route to Washington for Federal service. I had a bundle of tickets under my arm, and one of the men walked up to me and asked me what it was that I had. George H. Kyle was one of many who submitted testimony to the Maryland House of Delegates about his experiences that day: I went to the polls about half-past 8 A.M. and was within two feet of the window; remained there about five minutes with my brother [Adam B. Kyle]. On the evening of April 20th Hicks also authorized Brown to dispatch the Maryland state militia for the purpose of disabling the railroad bridges into the city - an act he would later deny. VCome! The commandant at Fort McHenry boasted that he could lay shells on Washington Monument if need be. The Baltimore Riot of 1861 (also called the Pratt Street Riot and the Pratt Street Massacre) was an incident that took place on April 19, 1861, in Baltimore, Maryland between Confederate sympathizers and infantrymen of the United States Army. The State was to elect a governor, senators from eleven counties, as well as a large number of delegates and lesser officers. The Library of Congress is providing access to these materials for educational and research purposes and … Moreover, it certainly wasn't the end of it; in fact, they were just warming up, for worse things to come. Do you have an idea for a story? Maryland!Thy beaming sword shall never rust,Maryland!Remember Carroll's sacred trust,Remember Howard's warlike thrust,-And all thy slumberers with the just,Maryland! … Shortly after the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, eight southern states seceded during the next five … Throw them under the cars!” The other passengers expected every moment to have their turn of cross-examination in the same style as that administered to Mr. Thornton, but before the examiners had time to go through the entire car in this way, the next one arrived, when the mob ran down toward it and beat several of the passengers in the most brutal manner. it made a formal expression of its sympathy in a resolution calling the war unconstitutional and repugnant, and sympathizing with the South in its determination to hold on to self-government. 78 years later, it would become Maryland's state song, though there have been efforts to remove it since. document.getElementById('cloak488a91e437b0ac2381e308970c629c88').innerHTML = ''; Brown took a shot to the chest, while another shot sliced open Rodgers’ neck artery. Lincoln knew that if Union forces were denied this vital transportation route, the North would lose the war before it started. Baltimore was a particularly secession-sympathetic city; Abraham Lincoln received only 1,100 of more than 30,000 votes cast for president in 1860. American Guy Silwright took three shots. Four soldiers {Corporal Sumner Needham of Co I; Privates Luther C. Ladd; Charles Taylor; and Addison Whitney of Co D} and twelve civilians were killed in the riot. Baltimore 1861 Dennis Ahern will address this topic at the Boston Public Library Orientation Room, McKim Building 230 Dartmouth Street, Copley Square Wednesday, October 12th at 6:00 p.m. Every year, on April 19th, we are reminded of the minutemen who went to the bridge in Concord in 1775. 1861 Civil War Baltimore Riot 6th Regiment Union silver medal. Back at Pratt Street, an orgy of destruction unfolded. Leaders look for others to recognize. When Mayor Brown ordered the telegraph lines and bridges burned around Baltimore that evening (something outside his jurisdiction and without the Governor's approval, although he tried to pin it on the governor) he showed his true colors. The regiment’s commander, Colonel Edward F. Jones, held dispatches from railroad officials warning that his men would likely meet strong resistance there. Rumors of the Federals’ arrival had already begun circulating, and Baltimore’s residents and local leaders made no secret of their disdain for the Union’s new administration. The regiment fired into the crowd one last time before Police Marshal George Proctor Kane and 50 officers arrived to form a barrier between the troops and the mob. We frequently have these things in Spain.” Fisher replied, “In Spain this may mean nothing; in America, it means Civil War.”. But the journey’s romance soured for the new troops as their train neared Baltimore. Don’t let one of them go on the train! Even though unfounded, these rumors were heeded by the Federal Government, which already had ringed the city with guns and troops. As I turned I heard my brother say: “I am struck, George!” At that moment, I was struck from behind a severe blow on the back of my head, which would have knocked me down, but the crowd which had gathered around us was so dense that I was, as it were, kept up. Each side was accusing the other of firing that first shot, the shot that soon sparked a volley of shots coming from both sides. Lincoln had traveled the route while the city slept in February, but on April 19 the 6th Massachusetts was about to make that trip in broad daylight, through streets teeming with Southern sympathizers. Riots; Secession; Social Aspects; United States; Featured in. When members of this 11-company regiment—once farmers, merchants, tradesmen and lawyers—left for Washington, they were heralded by Northerners as the Union’s heroic protectors. The Know-Nothings were particularly strong in Baltimore, where they included groups in the majority of wards with such unusual and colorful names as the Blood Tubs, McGonigan’s Rip Raps, Natives, Rough Skins, Tigers, Black Snakes, Wampanoags, Regulators, Double-Pumps, Hunters, American Rattlers, Butt Enders, Blackguards and so on. It is regarded by historians as the first bloodshed of the American Civil War. Some Baltimoreans’ distaste for the new president had no doubt been heightened by a recent incident involving Lincoln himself. Do not fire into any promiscuous crowds, but select any man whom you may see aiming at you, and be sure you drop him.”. March 20, 2011. When the war was over, the history of the first battle of the Civil War was rewritten to suggest it was but a spontaneous riot of outraged citizens with our politicians as the heroes, instead of the true heroes who were the men of the Fighting 6th Massachusetts Volunteers, who fought their way across Baltimore with their flag still flying, two hundred and twenty-eight brave men against a mob of ten thousand. Although Marylandhad always leaned toward the south culturally, sympathies in the state were asmuch pro-Union as they were pro-Confederate. We do not put too much weight on the more recently written historic information, or information that has been written with a biased opinion, or agenda. Lincoln rerouted troops through Union-friendly Annapolis at first. “They won’t shoot, they’re too afraid of their cowardly necks!” shrieked another. But two blocks farther on, near the corner of Light Street, rioters hit the 6th’s men again, this time killing teenager Luther Ladd, who just two days before had traded his machinist’s apron for regimental dress. Please get in touch. Video Baltimore riot of 1861. Ptlm Thomas Norton - Sgt Philip J. However, the mob followed the soldiers, breaking store windows and causing damage until they finally blocked the soldiers. The men of the 6th Massachusetts Regiment came to Baltimore with romantic notions of war. Another man received a shot through his head, passing through his upper jawbone. Since Annapolis was occupied by Federal troops, the Legislature convened at Frederick. According to Private William Gurley of Company K, all accepted their lot “solemnly [and] with unchanged features,” then capped and loaded their .58-caliber Springfields as ordered. var addy_text488a91e437b0ac2381e308970c629c88 = 'Kenny' + '@' + 'BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory' + '.' + 'com';document.getElementById('cloak488a91e437b0ac2381e308970c629c88').innerHTML += ''+addy_text488a91e437b0ac2381e308970c629c88+'<\/a>'; Please contact Det. Our citizens know very well that those whose taste for the display of flags is so exceedingly susceptible, enjoyed the opportunity of giving the national hunting to the breeze on Sumpter. Again the 6th returned fire. Our prime purpose in life is to help others, and if we can't help them, the at least we can do is not to hurt them. Maryland!My Mother State! Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. The rioters had littered their path with makeshift barricades, to slow the troops’ progress. When it became apparent that they could travel by horse no further, the troops got out of the cars and marched in formation through the city. In the Eighth Ward, another group of Plug Uglies fought with a gang of Democrats. Charles Pendergast, a shipping agent who profited handsomely from transport between Baltimore and South Carolina’s Charleston Harbor, handed dockworkers crowbars and pickaxes with orders to pry the rails from the cobblestones and put the road out of commission. The Baltimore riot of 1861 (also called the Pratt Street Riot and the Pratt Street Massacre) was an incident that took place on April 19, 1861, in Baltimore, Maryland between Confederate sympathizers and members of the Massachusetts militia en route to … however. Venable, for example, had optimistically proclaimed that he would be able to wipe away every drop of blood shed in the war with a handkerchief. Baltimore Police Historical Society put the articles found on this site together using research from old newspapers, old books, old photographs, and old artifacts. What’s more, the Union men faced a plain-clothed enemy familiar with every inch of the neighborhood. Most of the fighting took place along President Street, from near the harbor north to Pratt Street, and along Pratt St., west to Light Street. On the second day of its Frederick session, the Senate concluded that it had no Constitutional authority to pass secession legislation. Background. Instead of using bricks and picks, this time the gangs came armed with muskets, shotguns, and blunderbusses. For we are the native party… Although it may sound strange today to hear of a firefighting company described as violent, members of the Plug Uglies’ Mount Vernon Hook-and-Ladder Company were just as likely to get into a fight with a rival company, like the New Market Firemen, as they were to actually extinguish a fire. The Capital and the Bay: Narratives of Washington and the Chesapeake Bay Region ca. While this was going on inside, the crowd outside was incessantly yelling, “Bring them out. inexperienced and untrained. Together with the Rip Raps, they were also actively involved in deadly rioting at the October 1856 municipal election in Baltimore and in similar violence at the Know-Nothing Riot in Washington in June 1857. As on 19 April 1861, Southern sympathizers attacked the Massachusetts 6th Regiment Infantry, Yelling, and hollering was the least of the troubles these men would face, it seems not long afterward and bricks were hurled in the direction of the soldiers, the report of a handgun was heard to have rung out in the area. The Baltimore riot of 1861 (also called the Pratt Street Riot and the Pratt Street Massacre) was a conflict that took place on April 19, 1861, in Baltimore, Maryland between Confederate sympathizers and members of the Massachusetts militia en route to … var prefix = 'ma' + 'il' + 'to'; Daniel Broderick was shot and lingered for almost a month before finally dying. The authorities…did their best to day [sic] to protect both strangers and citizens and to prevent a collision, but [in] vain….it is my solemn duty to inform you that it is not possible for more soldiers to pass through Baltimore unless they fight their way at every step.”. Fort McHenry became filled with political prisoners, and many of the Slate's leading citizens went South to join the Confederate forces. There were only a few muskets and no cannon. He would have his soldiers, and he would have to get them by way of Baltimore—even if they had to fight their way through as Brown had warned. 5. When we at Baltimore Police History have our patches made, we only use American Patch & Pin Company. Thirty-six others in the regiment were wounded, many of them seriously. The most significant action of the Civil War may have occurred in Baltimore on 19 April 1861 during the Pratt Street Riots, which directly caused 17 known deaths and at least 50 injuries and seven recorded arrests, which are now known as the first deaths of the Civil War. Click, Before an arrow can go forward, it has to go Back. Ghastly images of mob violence flashed in their minds as they approached the northeast waterfront and Fort McHenry’s ramparts came into view, with a Union flag still flapping in the breeze. For we are the native party… But as we are all natives; and proudly we can brag, As true sons of America, we’ll fight beneath its flag, Nor from the field of honor, never will we fly, But as good Plug Uglies we’ll root hog or die. After I received this blow I drew a dirk knife which I had in my pocket, with which I endeavored to strike the man, who, as I supposed, had struck me. Unionists continued to rule the Legislature until Federal military control was withdrawn from the State after the war. Many civilian voters were challenged, and some arrested. The present crisis was no exception. Allan MacLeod Cormack, physicist, developed the CAT scan. In addition to being physically between the two sides, Marylanddepended equally on the North and the South for its economy. “The regiment will march through Baltimore in column of sections, arms at will,” he announced. While most Baltimoreans felt that Lincoln should keep his hands off the South, there was also a smaller contingent of Confederate zealots there who were more than willing to go to war over it. Accounts of the Washington riot appeared in newspapers nationally and gained widespread notoriety for the Plug Uglies. In early 1861, Maryland was walking a tightrope between the Union and theConfederacy. Give it to them!” a rioter shouted. Leaders look for others to recognize.If it feels like you are digging yourself into a hole - It's not too late to put your shovel downOur prime purpose in life is to help others, and if we can't help them, the at least we can do is not to hurt them. Mayor George William Brown and Maryland Governor Thomas Hicks implored President Lincoln to reroute troops around Baltimore city and through Annapolis to avoid further confrontations. “You seem much agitated,” remarked the mariner. The growing mob followed the line of cars, now seven long, as it turned onto Pratt Street, the east–west axis of the waterfront. My Maryland! Holding up his bloody hand, the latter requested permission to return fire, which Major Watson promptly granted. 1. Rioters dumped heavy anchors and cartloads of sand onto the tracks. He was reelected in 1858 after the newly developed City Reform Association’s candidate, Colonel A.P. 3 spinning room. Tell me somebody I know in Philadelphia, or I will kill you,” still holding the pistol to his face. Before an arrow can go forward, it has to go BackThere's no right time to do wrong - and - no wrong time to do right! We tell a story about what happened, and not why it happened. - Robert F. Kennedy, During an interrogation, It was said to the suspect - "There are only two people who know who did this, I'm looking at one, and you're looking at the other". Les émeutes de Baltimore sont un événement qui se produit à Baltimore, dans l'État du Maryland aux États-Unis à partir du 25 avril 2015 et se poursuit en mai, en réaction à la mort de Freddie Gray, un Afro-Américain de 25 ans, survenue le 19 avril précédent. North Carolina Congressman A.W. Detachments of soldiers were sent to ''protect" Union voters, and these same soldiers were permitted to vote, swelling the Union margin. 'tis the proud refrainThat baffles minions back again,Maryland!Arise in majesty again,Maryland! A nominee to Congress had always been seen as an explosive city, hypersensitive to the Camden,... Which destined America for Civil war avoid a possible assassination plot beyond recognition from repeated blows with paving... 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